DENSO Common Rail Technology to Successfully Meet Future Emission Regulations

Authors

BEng. H. Tokuda, Dr. S. Itoh, BEng. M. Kinugawa, DENSO Corporation, Aichi-ken, Japan; MEng. N. Shirabe, NIPPON SOKEN, Inc., Aichi-ken, Japan

Year

2005

Print Info

Fortschritt-Berichte VDI, Reihe 12, Nr. 595

Summary

The Common Rail System, (CRS), is a new technology for fuel injection systems that has revolutionized diesel engines for trucks and passenger cars. DENSO has continued to work on CRS technologies since it produced the world’s first such system for trucks in 1995. These pioneering efforts bore more fruit in 2002, when DENSO created a CRS featuring an amazing 180 MPa of injection pressure. A two-liter, four-cylinder passenger car employing this system delivered a specific power of 50 kilowatts per liter, with the potential to clear EURO4 emission regulations without the use of a diesel particulate filter. This report describes how DENSO drew on its technology to improve engine output by raising the injection pressure to 200 MPa and met stricter emission regulations through a simple and innovative Group Holes Nozzle concept. Our tests demonstrate that it is possible to increase specific power from 50 kilowatts per liter to more than 70 with 200 MPa injection pressure, a decrease in engine compression ratio and an increase in boost pressure. We can obtain a more homogeneous lean air-fuel mixture through the Group Holes Nozzles, and by the addition of a cooled EGR, achieve pre-mixed combustion or quasi-premixed combustion. This has underscored the potential of DENSO’s CRS technology in clearing future emission standards.

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