Impact of Tyre Modelling on Vehicle Soiling

Authors

D. Mutlyashki, T. Linden, 3DS

Summary

In the last few years, sensors and cameras have proliferated around the exterior of the vehicle for use in Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) or fully autonomous vehicles. For many of these systems to remain fully functional, they need to be regularly cleaned or kept free of contaminants. A large portion of the contaminants accumulated on the vehicle's surface is due to the vehicle itself (Self-Soiling). One of the largest contributors to this type of soiling are the tyres. When trying to simulate this contribution, several ways can be used to simulate the tyres behaviour. To reduce cost, a smooth grooved tyre is often used. For aerodynamic purposes, this has been acceptable for comparing forces. However, how does increasing the complexity of the tyre modelling affect the soiling of the vehicle?

This paper focuses on the differences that can be observed between simulations, based on the tyre modelling that is used. Four approaches will be analysed: a simple grooved tyre, with rotating wall boundary condition in an un-deformed and in a loaded state, and two fully detailed treaded tyres with the Immersed Boundary Method. The treaded tyres will be as well separated into a symmetrical unloaded case and a deformed loaded case. Numerical Simulations will be used to evaluate the impact of the modelling on side and rear face soiling on a SUV and on a Sedan type vehicles.

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