The Hydrogen ICE for Heavy-Duty Applications: Towards Ultra-Low NOx Emissions

Authors

Dr. X. Seykens, TNO, Helmond / Eindhoven University of Technology; Dr. E. Doosje, Dr. C. Bekdemir, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) P. van Gompel, TNO, Helmond:

Year

2022

Print Info

Production/Publication ÖVK

Summary

The hydrogen internal combustion engine can play a crucial role, for both on road as well as off road heavy duty equipment, in accelerating the energy transition and meeting the CO2 reduction targets set in Europe’s Green Deal. For realizing “zero environmental impact”, it is also desired that the hydrogen engine has ultra-low NOx emissions. In this paper the engine-out NOx emissions of a lean burn Spark Ignited, Port Fuel Injected (PFI), hydrogen engine are researched. The NOx reduction potential following variation of key engine operating variables is investigated on basis of single-cylinder engine measurements and CFD simulations. Here, main focus is on the impact of the applied PFI fueling strategy on engine-out NOx emissions. It is found that significant optimization potential is present by changing the external mixture preparation process through adjusting PFI system injection parameters such as injection duration and phasing of individual injections. Furthermore, varying the injected fuel mass over the two individual intake runners, i.e. altering the in- cylinder mixing process, proved to have a significant impact on engine-out NOx. Found reductions in engine-out NOx are translated into possible boost pressure reductions for different engine-out NOx targets of 10, 50 and 100 ppm. Boost pressure reductions in the order of 5 – 10% have been found which offer possibilities to relax airpath requirements enabling improvement of dynamic engine response and/or load range.

ISBN

1920-2323-23-1

Number of pages

17 Order Members Login