Application Fundamentals and Soot Management-Concepts for Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF)

Autoren

Dominik Rose, Per Nicolin, Bertrand Coulet, Dr. Ryoko Chijiiwa, Dr. Thorsten Boger, Corning GmbH, Wiesbaden;
Anastasiia Bachurina, Corning CSC, St. Petersburg, Russland

Zusammenfassung

Gasoline Particulate Filters (GPF) are introduced for most, if not all applications with gasoline direct injection engines certified to meet EU6d-Temp. With the new components, new software and control functionalities are required to manage the soot load, the regeneration and the thermal exposure of the GPF. To minimize the application and calibration effort, it is desirable to establish a fundamental understanding of the relationship between the engine exhaust boundary conditions and their impact on soot loading, soot regeneration, thermomechanical robustness and hydrodynamic performance. The objective of this contribution is to provide insight and simple concepts to facilitate this effort. In GPF applications, soot oxidation occurs during fuel cut off events when more or less ambient air is pumped across the engine, intentional lean operation, or any other active regeneration strategy one could envision.
Since soot oxidation is an exothermic process, this is generally coupled with some increase in temperature inside the GPF. Under extreme conditions, the temperature increase can be significant, potentially damaging the filter component. Thermal management provided by the engine exhaust system must be relied upon to prevent such damage to the GPF. In this contribution, the sensitivity of soot oxidation in GPFs is evaluated using a wide range of boundary and initial conditions. Engine-bench testing and simulation is used to describe the thermal response of a GPF during fuel cut-off testing. Specifically, the impact from soot loading, inlet temperature, oxygen pulse duration and exhaust mass flow during fuel cut off are relevant parameters to be considered. Reduced models are introduced and discussed to describe and interpret the observations from a fundamental perspective as well as to serve as simple tools that can help functional development and calibration.

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