An Efficient Path to Zero CO2 Powertrains – BorgWarner’s Hydrogen Injection Systems

Authors

Dr.-Ing. G. Dober, Dr.-Ing. G. Hoffmann, Dr. techn. W. F. Piock, BorgWarner, Luxembourg; L. Doradoux MSc, G. Meissonnier MSc, E. Ouali MSc, BorgWarner, France:

Year

2022

Print Info

Production/Publication ÖVK

Summary

In the last years, attention has grown on engines fueled with hydrogen as a path for fast and effective elimination of CO₂ emissions. For applications with short duration or short distances, the pure electric drivetrain powered by batteries is the preferred solution, while for more challenging applications with high power requirements and/or long ranges the use of hydrogen as an energy carrier combined with fuel cell or hydrogen combustion powertrains can offer significant advantages. In combustion applications the injection system plays a key role for efficient energy use and high-power output.

Different combustion configurations are currently under development from fully pre-mixed to diffusion controlled, depending on the hydrogen system pressure level. This paper discusses the complete injection system solution as well as the required injector and engine control. On the injector side the focus is on a medium pressure injector with an outwardly opening valve. The hardware and software for the hydrogen engine control is based on well proven building blocks from gasoline and Diesel engines to enable high engine efficiency with near zero tailpipe emissions.

The BorgWarner (BW) medium pressure direct injection system has been integrated into a production multi-cylinder engine and vehicle for a typical light commercial vehicle application. Results from this ongoing development demonstrate that the hydrogen engine is an attractive and reliable technology for a fast implementation of net zero CO₂ emission within on-road and off-road applications.

ISBN

1920-2323-23-1

Number of pages

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