SMTP25 Conference
Investigations of Ethanol and Ether containing Fuels for Otto Cycle Engines in Preparation for an E20 Market Introduction in Europe
Authors
Karsten MICHELS, Max SCHÜTTENHELM, Arnd SCHMIDT, Thomas GARBE
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft, Wolfsburg, DE
Summary
The motivation for introducing a fuel with 20 vol.% ethanol from renewable sources, starting from E10 fuel, lies in the further reduction of CO2 emissions in the transport sector to meet the Renewable Energy Directive III (RED III). In terms of standardizing an E20 fuel, ETBE is also considered as a blending component alongside ethanol, which raises several questions. The material properties of alcohols and ethers as blending components themselves, as well as their effect on the fuel mixture, are discussed. This article presents experimental results obtained from an engine with both external and internal mixture formation to assess the effects of alcohols and ethers on these significantly different mixture formation processes. The impact of blending ethanol and ETBE on octane number, mixture formation, and particle formation is shown based on engine results. Furthermore, the pre-ignition tendency of various fuel blends is also investigated.
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